LIC

Linear integrated circuit

An analog chip is a set of miniature electronicanalog circuits formed on a single piece ofsemiconductor material.

DescriptionEdit

The voltage and current at specified points in the circuits of analog chips vary continuously in time. In contrast, digital chips only use and create voltages or currents at discrete levels, with no intermediate values. In addition toTransistors, analog chips often have a larger number of passive elements (Inductor/Capacitors/Resistors) than digital chips typically do. Inductors tend to be avoided because of their large size, and a transistor and capacitor together can do the work of an inductor. (When this method is used in a CFL, you get an electronic ballast.)
Analog chips may also contain digital logic elements to replace some analog functions, or to allow the chip to communicate with amicroprocessor. For this reason and since logic is commonly implemented using CMOStechnology, these chips use BiCMOSprocesses by companies such as Freescale,Texas Instruments, STMicroelectronics and others. This is known as mixed signal processing and allows a designer to incorporate more functions in the chip. Some of the benefits include load protection, reduced parts count and higher reliability.[1]
Pure analog chips in information processing have been mostly replaced with digital chips. Analog chips are still required for wideband signals on account of sampling rate requirements, high power applications and at the transducer interfaces. Research and industry in the field continues to grow and prosper. Some examples of long-lived and well-known analog chips are the 741 Operational Amplifier, and the 555 timer.
Power supply chips are also considered to be analog chips. Their main purpose is to produce a well-regulated output voltage supply for other chips in the system. Since all electronic systems require electrical power, power supply ICs PMICs are important elements of those systems.
Important basic building blocks of analog chip design include:
  1. current sources
  2. current mirrors
  3. differential amplifier
  4. bandgap references.
All the above circuit building blocks can be implemented using Bipolar technology as well as Metal-Oxide-Silicon(MOS) technology. MOS Band gap references use lateral (poor) bipolar transistors for their functioning.
People who have specialized in this field include Bob Widlar, Bob Pease, Hans R. Camenzind, George Erdi, and Barrie Gilbertamong others.

  • Edit

List of linear integrated circuits

LM393 differential comparator manufactured by STMicroelectronics
The following is a list of linear integrated circuits. Many were among the first analog integrated circuits commercially produced; some were groundbreaking innovations, and many are still being used.[1]
This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.
Part numberPredecessorObsolete?Description
555 timer ICNoTimer, pulse generation, andoscillatorapplications.
78xxNoFamily of self-contained fixedlinear voltage regulatorintegrated circuits.
Current conveyorElectronic amplifier with unity gain. Three versions of generations of the idealiseddevice, CCI, CCII and CCIII.[2]
Low-dropout regulator(LDO)DC linear voltage regulator that can regulate the output voltage even when the supply voltage is very close to the output voltage.[3]
Hitachi HA12043YesCX noise reduction system for phonograph records in the 1980s.
Hitachi HA12044YesCX noise reduction system for phonograph records in the 1980s.
MK484Fully functional AM radio detector on a chip. Constructed in aTO-92 case.[4][5]
NE612Oscillator and a mixer. Used in ham radio applications.[6]
Operational amplifierDC-coupled high-gain electronic voltage amplifierwith a differential input and, usually, a single-ended output.[7]
Telefunken U401BYesHigh quality High Com analoguecompander for audio in the 1970s.
Telefunken U401BGTelefunken U401BYesHigh quality High Com analoguecompander for audio in the 1970s.
Telefunken U401BRTelefunken U401BGYesHigh quality High Com analoguecompander for audio in the 1970s/1980s.
Telefunken U2141BYesCX noise reduction system for phonograph records in the 1980s.
ZN414Single-chip AM radio integrated circuit from 1972.
LM317Adjustable 1.5 A positive voltage regulator (1.25 V-37 V)[8]
LM13700Two current controlledoperational transconductance amplifiers (OTA), each having differential inputs and a push-pull output.
LM393NoDual Differential Comparator[9]
LM358NoLow power, wide supply range dual op-amps[10]
LM386Low voltage audio power amplifier[11]
LM3875High-performance 56 W audio power amplifier[12]


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